25 Writing Competitions You Should Enter

25 Writing Competitions You Should Enter 25 Writing Competitions You Should Enter 25 Writing Competitions You Should Enter By Mark Nichol Have you completed one or more short stories, poems, or nonfiction pieces? Perhaps you’d like some motivation or to take the next step with them. This post lists writing competitions for 2011 that feature cash prizes of $1,000 or more and, often, publication deals for the winner (plus, for many contests, additional prizes for winners and other contestants). Note, however, that such competitions often require an entry fee (generally $15-$20 per entry), and some require the submitted material to be previously unpublished. Go to the contest Web site for information about costs and other details. The competition can be fierce, but even if you don’t win, the benefits are valuable: Completing and submitting an entry helps you develop word-count precision and deadline discipline. You may not earn a four-figure cash prize, but you could win some honorable-mention mad money or other prizes. You have a completed manuscript you can submit to other competitions or to agents. Good luck! Poetry 1. The Pinch Journal Poetry Contest Deadline: March 1 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: 1-3 poems Prizes: $1,000 and publication 2. Normal Prize in Poetry Deadline: March 4 Type of submission: online Length of submission: 5 pages or 5 poems Prizes: $1,000 and publication 3. Boston Review Fourteenth Annual Poetry Contest Deadline: June 1 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 10 pages Prize: $1,500 and publication 4. Bellevue Literary Review’s Marica and Jan Vilcek Prize in Poetry Deadline: July 1 Type of submission: online Length of submission: up to 3 poems (maximum 5 pages) Prizes: $1,000 and publication 5. Lulu Poetry Contest Deadline: continuous entry Type of submission: online Length of submission: not specified Prizes: annual $5,000; monthly $250; daily $25 Short Fiction 6. he Pinch Journal Fiction Contest Deadline: March 1 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 5,000 words Prizes: $1,500 and publication 7. Sycamore Review’s Wabash Prize for Fiction Deadline: March 1 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 10,000 words Prize: $1,000 and publication for winner 8. Potomac Review Annual Contest Deadline: March 1 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: 2 stories of up to 2,000 words Prize: $1,000 and publication for winner 9. Normal Prize in Fiction Deadline: March 4 Type of submission: online Length of submission: up to 10,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication for winner 10. Colorado Review’s Nelligan Prize Deadline: postmarked March 11 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: under 50 pages Prizes: $1,500 and publication for winner 11. New Rivers Press American Fiction Prize Deadline: May 1 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: up to 7,500 words Prizes: $1,000, $500, $250; publication for winners 12. Drue Heinz Literature Prize Deadline: postmarked May 1-June 30 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: not specified Prize: $15,000 and publication 13. Carve Magazine’s Raymond Carver Short Story Contest Deadline: May 15-June 30 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up 6,000 words Prizes: $1,000, $750, $500, $250; considered by literary agencies 14. Howard Frank Mosher Short Fiction Prize Deadline: postmarked June 30 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: up to 10,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication, $100 15. Bellevue Literary Review’s Goldenberg Prize in Fiction Deadline: July 1 Type of submission: online Length of submission: up to 5,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication Nonfiction 16. Michael Steinberg Essay Prize Deadline: February 28 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 6,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication; publication consideration for runner-up 17. Normal Prize in Nonfiction Deadline: March 4 Type of submission: online Length of submission: up to 10,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication 18. Creative Nonfiction Anger Revenge Contest Deadline: March 16 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 4,000 words Prizes: $1,000, $500 19. Writers @ Work Writing Competition Deadline: March 20 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 7,500 words Prizes: $1,000, $350, $100; publication consideration for each winner 20. Bellevue Literary Review’s Burns Archive Prize in Nonfiction Deadline: July 1 Type of submission: online Length of submission: up to 5,000 words Prizes: $1,000 and publication Multiple Awards 21. Glimmer Train’s Very Short Fiction Award Deadline: January 1-31, July 1-31 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: up to 3,000 words Prizes: $1,200, publication, and 20 copies; $500; $300 22. Glimmer Train’s Fiction Open Deadline: March 1-31, June 1-30, August 1-30, December 1-31 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: 2,000-20,000 words Prizes: $2,000, publication, and 20 copies; $1,000; $600 23. Glimmer Train’s Short-Story Award for New Writers Deadline: postmarked March 31, postmarked September 30 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: 3,000-12,000 words Prizes: $1,200, publication, and 20 copies; $500; $300 24. Glimmer Train’s Family Matters Deadline: April 1-30, October 1-31 Type of submission: offline Length of submission: 3,000-12,000 words Prizes: $1,200, publication, and 20 copies; $500; $300 Miscellaneous And, of course, no self-respecting list of writing competitions would be complete without this one: 25. Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest Deadline: April 15 Type of submission: online or offline Length of submission: up to about 50-60 words Prize: â€Å"a pittance† This whimsical contest is devoted to parodying the purple prose of Edward George â€Å"It Was a Dark and Stormy Night† Bulwer-Lytton and his ilk by crafting, as it were, the most absurdly inept opening line from a (fortunately) nonexistent novel. For more information, go to the slightly disheveled Web site and search for â€Å"The rules to the Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Competitions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†What is Dative Case?What’s the Best Way to Refer to a Romantic Partner?

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God Essays

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God Essays A Mighty Fortress Is Our God Essay A Mighty Fortress Is Our God Essay A Mighty Fortress Is Our God In order for there to be any kind of interest, relationship, or in other words a preoccupation of any matter, there must be some sort of acknowledgement. For instance, when we take a look at the scientific method, we know that in order to make a hypothesis there must first and foremost be an observation. Once a strong observation is in place, it is only natural to become intrigued or maybe Just aware of the potential harm of something. In the hymn A Mighty Fortress Is Our God, written by Martin Luther, a sense of acknowledgement of the devil is quite evident. The people of this hymns era had an understanding that there were evil forces that did not coincide with their heavenly father. And though this world, with devils filled, should threaten to undo us, We will not fear , for God hath willed His truth to triumph through us. So because these people had an understanding, or rather an acknowledgement that there were devils (witches/demons/sorcerers) in their mist it became natural to draw attention to the issue. Once the attention is drawn, people start to become preoccupied; hence the literature, songs, and beliefs about the devil. Another way to become preoccupied or to portray evidence that interest is being shown is for one to begin to compare or give titles. Throughout the hymn Luther threw in some startling titles of the devil that might have been commonly used in his era. Such include the prince of darkness, evil force, and the ancient foe. These titles are all examples that the people of this era are ended giving interest to the devil, Just as they would give God titles and attention to. In terms of the music itself the organ in the background or sounds if you will, enhance and portray a very majestic and royal setting. Almost as if triumphing over someone or something ; which at the time would be God triumphing over the devil for his people. Luther did well in using this particular instrument for his hymn, because its been used to glorify God in so many classical music and even in music today.

Solve thes problem Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Solve thes problem - Speech or Presentation Example From a table, the probability of a value being to the left or equal to this z-score is .8962; so the probability to be to the right of z = 1.2649 (or to the left of z = -1.2649) is: For 99% confidence intervals, 99% of the area under the curve will be shaded when the endpoints are 2.5758 standard deviations away from the mean. The endpoints for this confidence interval are found by: Adding a sample size m = 75, find the sample mean (m2) of the added sample that would lead to a p-value > 0.05 for the combined sample. Find the probability of obtaining a sample mean from the added sample within the needed range. To calculate the probability that Type 1 error occurs, we want to calculate what is the probability that the null hypothesis is correct ( the p-value is greater than .05 significance level) and the mean of the sample is in one of the tail ends 12. This would result in an interval (6.9 to 13.1). The probability that there is a Type 1 error when the original rejection criteria is used: mean 12, is the probability that the mean falls within the intervals 6.9 to 8 and 12 to

Research Jupiter's moon Europa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research Jupiter's moon Europa - Essay Example Scientists believe, therefore, that Europa may possibly have the necessary qualities to support life, although so far there has been no way of investigating this in order to obtain any certainty one way or the other. If life were to be present on Europa, it would most likely be a fairly basic form, similar to the organisms found near volcanic vents in the seas of earth. Proof of this would, nevertheless, be a big shock to most inhabitants on earth. It would prove that the Earth is not unique, nor the center of the universe, and that life is likely to be abundant , and this might shake some firmly held religious beliefs about the role of mankind. Ideally we should protect any non-terrestrial life from contamination, because living cells could conceivably survive a journey in space (Greenberg, 2010, p. 334), but in practice this may be difficult if invasive methods are used to study any new life form. We certainly should not treat it as a threat to human life, since it would be one of the greatest discoveries ever made. Some precautions regarding introducing any new life form to the earth’s environment would, however, be sensible, just in case of any unforeseen effects on earth’s living creatures. Clark, K., Boldt, J, Greeley, R., Hand, K., Jun, I., Lock, R., Pappalardo, R., Van Houten, T. and Yan, T. â€Å"Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission.† Journal of Advances in Space Research 48 (4), (2008), pp.

Explaining Hardware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Explaining Hardware - Essay Example This method would be fast and also would help maintain the records of the candidates who had participated in the survey. 3) Bank Checks: Bank Checks are fed into the accounting software of the Bank mainly by the forms. These softwares maintain the accounts as well as the database of the customers. This method permits the checks to be allocated directly into the customer's accounts. At the same time since the operator feed the data by filling the forms, the inner system of fields remains intact. 4) Retail Tags: These tags can be input by a simple word processor like MS Word or Open Office Write software. The A4 paper can used, on which at a time number of tags can be put depending upon their size. This method would be fast and save a lot of paper. 5) Long Documents: The Word Processor software like MS Word or Open Office Writer can best do data input for the long documents. With these methods we can do lot of formatting as well and the files can be stored easily not only on the hard disk but also on the external storage device. 1) Hand held computer: The output from the hand held computers would be more obtained in a better manner by transferring the data from hand held computer to the desktop or the laptop. This method permits us to choose amongst the wide range of the printers available in the market. Also some output can be obtained on the monitor itself. 4) Memorandum: For memos dot-matrix pr... 3) Resume: Resume can be easily and cheaply obtained on both the inkjet as well as the laser printer. Since it consists of only typed matter, with limited matter any of the methods can be used. 4) Memorandum: For memos dot-matrix printer would be more suitable. In these printers there is good facility of adjusting the paper sizes. Also paper roll can be put, thus making memo printing very fast. 5) Statistical Report: It can be best obtained by the bigger Dot printer. Its printing cost is quiet cheap and bigger papers can be printed 6) Company Annual Report: Laser printer would be more suitable in this case. Its printing is quiet cheap and fast. Even bulk printing would be affordable. Situations appropriate for the following devices: 1) Hard Disk: Hard disk is required in all computers and in all situations. Hard disks have capacity of storing large amounts of data and its speed is also fast. In our regular work we handle large amounts of data, which need to be stored. Also apart from the system software lots of other software has to be stored hence hard disk is necessary in all situations. 2) Floppy Disk: This is used when data is transferred from one computer to the other computer. However their capacity is limited and are less reliable. Hence these are being replaced by the pen drives. 3) RAM: RAM is compulsorily required in all computers as it stores the data on which we are working. Without RAM we would not be able to work on any files. 4) CDROM: CDROM can carry large amounts of data on a small disk hence it is widely used in almost all situations for storing data. 5) Tape: Magnetic tapes are used for storing audio and video files. These tapes can be easily played in video shooting cameras also. Role of Following in

Differences between Child and Adult

Differences between Child and Adult In recent days, using of Internet has totally changed the environment in which where we live, learn and work. Simultaneously, children are frequently using the Internet and all are always accessing the online. Notably, children have limited knowledge for browsing the information what they want and more difficult to search and retrieve the results than the adults. So, young children are being forced to manage the designs that require complex typing, accurate spelling, advanced reading skills, and understanding of abstract concepts or content knowledge that lies beyond their still-developing abilities (Moore and George, 1991; Solomon, 1993; Walter et al., 1996). Based on Jakob Nielsen et al. (2010), the differences between children and adult in applying the design are the children use Internet for entertainment although the adult is used for communication with people and their communities, children usually use 12, 14 point and adult use 10 point (up to 14 for seniors) for font size, ch ildren have slowly typing and poor mouse control than the adult who can do like as expert, children like animation and sound effects for their design but adult mostly disliked and age-targeted design is importance between child groups but not necessary for adult. 1.2 Investigating preferences of children According to Dina Demner et al. (2001), children use computers and Internet for different purposes and functions which are depend on their like, dislikes, ages, interest, behavior, characteristics and habits. The group of children can be classified into four groups: 3-5 years old pre-readers (only memorize the data that they learned before a day), 5-8 years old beginning readers (start to play cooperatively with other people), 8-12 years old children (become more concentrate on connection between people) and teenagers (willing to analyze the new things but usage of Internet is less than the adult person). Currently, developers who designed for children do not consider the childrens skills and preferences. As a result, the applications may not be easily learned and used by children who have rare knowledge (Hutchinson, Bederson, 2005). Besides that, majority of the tools available are for the expert users which are not suitable for novice users like as children particularly for children who have very limited knowledge in computer. The interactions of children with the technologies depend on their age levels. Based on (Acuff and Reiher, 1997), the children between 8 and 12 change their interests from fantasy to reality. They start to understand more abstract terms, longer terms and more complex terms. Researcher (Inkpen, 2001) studied that the children who ages from 9 to 13 like point and click rather than drag and drop. Moreover, (Read, J.C., MacFarlane, S.J., Casey, C, 2001) discussed the various kinds of text input techniques for children. This research is restricted and compared to t he corresponding research for adults. In addition, colour preference is also one of the key issues to investigate the preference of children. Colour has a great impact on our live from early childhood onwards. Colour alters, evokes emotions, and affects our perception. Besides, preferable colour can increase the cognitive processes (Boyatzis, C.J., Varghese, R. 1993). An experiment (Chung, H. Y., et al. 2009) implemented the colour preferences among children revealed that boys preferred vivid colours for yellow, red, and blue, and bright light tones for yellow, green, and purple. On the other hand girls preferred light tones for yellow, green, and purple and pale tones for red and blue. Design should be based on its targeted users rather than emphasize on discussion with users and the children are not interested in the User Interface design guidelines (Shneiderman, 1998). Therefore, designers should be focused on searching the useful designs which will provide for childrens preferences such as development, health, socia l activities. 2.1 Why sport important for children Exercise can reduce stress that the children who has stress, depression, anxiety as adult have. However, sport, not exercise, encourages growth and contributes to improve physical and emotional health. Sport psychologist: (Dr. Glyn Roberts of the University of Illinois) emphasizes that sport is an important thing to learn the environment for children. Besides, sport provides various kinds of functions and can attain valuable things that can apply in their life. They learn to work hard for winning, study how to cope with life if face with problems, how to continue after failing, learn to listen, to stay concentrated, to obey rules and regulations and many things that can help them to grow into mentally healthier persons. Another benefit is emotional development which contains how to cope with winning and losing, how to try again if it is fail. In addition, team sport also provides the friendship skills that mean if the children want to win, he or she must help other members to finish their part of work and that can help to success in their daily life and also future life. Sport provide healthy, physically and socially growth of children as well as emotionally and social skills. Moreover, the attitudes and behaviour taught to children in sports carry over to adult life. Participation in sports can get many benefits from being physically active for children. It can improve health, develop quality of strong bones and muscles and reduce obesity to maintain a healthy weight, reduce obesity to maintain a healthy weight, improve cardiovascular fitness, provide friendship among people, reduce stress and help relaxation, improve self-esteem. 2.2 Sport sites for children Sport sites in Internet are very useful for children because every child can contribute from its contents. Besides, it does not need to have materials that support for sport and can play just only have computer and broadband internet connection and developing mobile services. There are many available sport sites for children in Web. In our paper, we address some useful sport sites for children called http://www.nflrush.com and http://bettersoccermorefun.com. These websites are official sites and made especially for children. It contains about the positions for football, how to play them, information about fun facts, getting advices and tips. Figure1: Main Form of nflrush website Figure 2: Main Form of Bettersoccermorefun website 3. Design a sports site for children 3.1 Usage of internet by children With the ubiquitous internet access, children have more opportunities been exposed in the light of internet and carried out various online activities. According to Livingstone and Helpsper (2007), the amount of children accessing the internet has continuously increased and internet has become an indispensable tool for them to acquire information and communicate. Comparing with traditional resources, web source is more preferred and used by children (Bilal, 1998). Some data about childrens web use has been analyzed, for instance, one survey (Johnson, 2010) investigated among children whose average age is 10.7 revealed that most children prefer playing online games and visiting websites in a community place like peers house. 3.2 Sports sites for children The fun and learning opportunities that provided by the Web sites is the big concern of children between 6 and 14 years old according to Baumgarten (2003). Besides, a good site should also consider expanding somewhat extent of complexity to meet childrens self-recognition and different developmental levels (Demner, 2001). Therefore, a high quality sports site can go far beyond providing sports related knowledge and skills, actually, it has much to offer to children, for instance, fun, relaxation, chances of communicate and collaborate with peers and develop their interests. This perspective may give a guideline to the designers and help them understand better about the users tasks and adjust design to meet their goals. Therefore, understanding our users, testing and maximizing the degree of usability of the site is critical. After analyzing the particular aspects of children and their unique features, all these should been given high consideration when designing the sports sites. Based on the data (Livingstone Helpsper, 2007) collected among Britain children between 9-19 years old, it has been found that generally boys and young-age teenagers use the internet more often and spend more time on it when comparing with girls and older teens. Another widely accepted fact is that boys spend more time in football games ( ), thus as the main users of the site, the site design should cater for their favours, while at the same time not ignoring their female counterparts. Thus the features of boys should be the focus of designers. 3.3 Usability of web sites As the definition of usability (ISO 9241), it presents the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction with which specified users achieve specified goals in particular environments. Brinck et al. (2001) has proposed some features that a successful web design should include, it should support independent exploration and communication, encourage the users accomplishing their objectives in a fast, efficient and easy way. All these features can also be considered when trying to design a sports site for children. Many existing studies have adopted participatory deign with children, which means the children actively and directly involved in the design process and act as design testers and partners, have found productive results (Read, 2002). The usability engineers in Microsoft (Hanna, L. et.al, 1999) have researched in usability testing by working with groups of children, and have concluded several design guidelines of computer products in the criteria of activity, instruction and screen design. For instance, the activities provided should be interesting and constitute some reward scheme to encourage children to interact with, and supportive instructions should be easy to comprehend. All these can be adopted for planning a sports site for children. Considering the inhibited reading skills and comprehension ability of children, web contents transferred through intuitive formats like animation and audio is necessary. An experiment (Kà ¤hkà ¶nen Oyaska, 2006) implemented among children has revealed that children are more likely to learn from animation instructions, as they expect to explore the functionality and have fun from the site. However, according to their research achievement, a combination with simple textual instructions is also important, as children may confused and feel lose something if only animation can be shown. 3.4 Interaction and collaborative learning of web sites In a survey (Jonson, 2010), researchers have found that, respectively 60.7% and 62.9% of investigated children prefer to visit web sites and play online games in peers houses. Allen (2003) also pointed that the social motivation, sense of attachment, winning friends and recognition, for instance, is a vital factor for sports involvement of children in teenage. In addition, football is a team sports, most children may seek online role play games together. Therefore, entertainment feature of collaborative learning and interaction of the site is another essential matter before beginning the design step. Based on the research approach of a collaborative learning project (Ivan Michal, 2006), maintaining connection among participants, recording their characters and behavior, and then establishing efficient communication tools for them is the premise for formulating an effective collaborative online environment. Just putting this into practice, a football site for children may construct me mbership scheme to attract participation, diverse role play games which can arouse enthusiasm, intuitive interactive activities, in addition, a corner for children to communicate with each other, like discussion boards, online chat rooms are also praiseful. 4. Childrens online behaviour 4.1 childrens online seeking behaviour From the perspective of designers, identifying how children use the internet and their online behaviours is crucial as all these things will directly influence the design issues. Many studies have been done in this area, for instance, in one investigation carried out among British children between 9-19 years old, Livingstone and Helpsper (2007) have found that, the frequency and time spent of internet using by boys and young-age teenagers is much higher when comparing with girls and older teens. Another finding is that boys accessing to the internet in more places than their female counterparts. During the research process of childrens online behaviour, Bilal (2000) has found that invalid switches (e.g. frequently shifting back and forth, visiting sites), continual looping and minimal navigation are the prevalent problems encountered among childrens using of the sites. The main reason has been attributed to the abstract and complex representation of the web information. In this context, straightforward icons and childrens familiar metaphors can be used to alleviate frustration of iterate actions and support their efficient navigation in the site, as well as a good arrangement of content categories. According to the outcome released by another experiment (Kà ¤hkà ¶nen Oyaska, 2006), researchers found that due to the limit learnability of help function, most children rarely use this part in the web sites. However, considering the cognitive capacity of children and their levels of computer experience, a useful help function is necessary and it is a critical part for their acceptance of a sports site. Thus, for this special group, the help part should be provided in a directive and intuitive way, long and tedious texts, abstract concepts, ambiguous categories should be avoided. Besides, effective real time help is more helpful. 4.2. Participation of Parents Parents participation is very important for children, according to the Eccles expectancy-value model (Eccles Harold, 1991), parents influence their child choices by providing differential levels of support for activities. They also proposed that the level of support is based on expectations of the likelihood that their child will be successful in that area, and the personal beliefs about the value of success in that domain. The degree of involvement of parents in their children sport activities is also important. Most of the parents under involve and most of the parents over involve in their children activities. Under involvement means parents watch on sidelines and they do not actively participate in their children programs. Over involved parents excessively involve in the running program of their children. They emphasize on winning and motivate their children to get success in their running programs. Parents participation in their children sport make the child to get competitive a dvantage, the children can actively involve and can do happily their activities with the support of their parents. (include features for the participation of parents , teachers, interactive games, information the site provided) 5. Design Principles for Children Since designers design the system, they must know clearly Who are the users using the system? If the system is for various users who have different knowledge about it, they need to focus on from different perspective like what are the user needs and interests depending on users profiles and personas.(children) Norman (1988) defined user-centered design as a philosophy based on the needs and interests of the users, with an emphasis on making products usable and understandable. He added that easy to understand and easy to use of the products are pointing out the user to let them know what to do and the user can clearly understand what is going on. According to the Rubin (1944), user-centered design is techniques and procedures for designing usable systems with the user at the centre of the process. User-centered design principles place increased attention on developing products that are ease of use and ease of understand by focusing on the user throughout the design process (Dumas Redish, 1993; Eason, 1988; Gould Lewis, 1985; Shackel, 1991). If users are elderly, text font size should be larger than usual as they cannot see the small font size clearly, voice output should be provided more longer than as usual or instead of voice output, text output with large text font should be used as the elderly may be lost in hearing.For users with disabilities, the system designers need to use more flexible computer software in order to support special tools for them. For low vision or blind users, voice output should be provided instead of message output. For the users who have trouble in hand function, using mice and trackballs can be a problem for them. Instead of using these input devices, speech recognition device like voice input can solve the problems for disabled children. There are many important interaction design principles and there are many way to apply those principles. As our paper focuses on children, we will describe some of the principles and point out what designers should take into account when designing the interface design for children. According to the (Heim, 2007), two main categories can be used to present the principles in a systematic and structured way: namely effectiveness principles and efficiency principles. He defined efficiency as a design that enable users to accomplish their tasks in the easiest and quickest way as much as possible without having to do overly complex or extraneous procedures. Efficiency and effectiveness are the principles that support usability. According to the (Usability), the term usability means The level of ease with which people can employ a particular device in order to attain and increase usability. There are many design principle that are applied in human computer interaction. There are three main d esign principles which support usability such as learnability, flexibility and robustness. Under each of these categories, there are many sub principles that affect them (usability). Among these principles, the principles that are required for children will be discussed. Learn ability is the primary goal of the user interface design and it is the very important design principles for children. It they do not know clearly how to use the system and if it is very difficult for them to use, they can get confusion and they will not use this system anymore. For example, if too many clicks are required to complete a task, children cannot memorize at once and it can get them confused. Next time they visit back, they will not be sure how to go through to complete their tasks. Responsiveness is also one of the design principles in which the response time of the system should not take long as users are children. If system response time is slow, they may think that the system cannot provide what they want and it cannot work properly. Children cannot memorize many things at one time like the adult. They can memorize well only one thing at a time. For example, when installing the software, many steps are required to finish. Users need to click on Next button to move forward and need to choose location to place the installed softwares icon. After all the steps have been done, users need to click Finish button. Software installation process should not be different. It should be consistent. If installation process for different software is not the same, it can be problems for users to memorize what should they do for this software to install and what should they perform for other software. If the installation process is similar for different software, users can predict how should they move on by calling memory on past interaction history. As the focus users are children, the designers should know the characteristics of children and should design the site to allow them ease of use and should provide required functionality. From the examples of Heim (2007), the design for a drawing program should enumerate all of the tools required to create digital drawings, another example is that in a website, all the information must be provided that are required by the visitor in order to accomplish his or her goals. For the children who are less than five year cannot read the instructions in the form of message. Designers need to consider this factor. Instead of displaying instruction in the form of message, audio, video, animation should be used to let them know what should they do to complete their tasks. For younger children rather than older children, Sears Jacko (2008) stated that To eliminate the need for mouse clicking, the cursor is transformed into a big yellow star with room for five small stars inside it. As the mouse is held over a target, the small stars appear once at a time. When the fifth star appears, it counts as clicking on that target. If the child does click, the process simply moves faster. For the adult, double-clicking is not a problem for them. For the kids, they do not know the action of double-clicking. Single click action should be provided instead of double clicking. Conclusion The following are design issues for children that should be considered when designing the system for children. Multiple navigations should be avoided because it can be a problem for children and they can get confusion on it. In sport sites, if text font size of guideline instructions such as rules and regulations for each sport is 12, they cannot focus on it. So, text font size should be larger than as usual. Youngest kids do not know how to scroll up and scroll down. This is the big problem for them. Instead of using scrolling, multiple pages should be used. Radio buttons and checkboxes should not be used as they do not have ability which option to choose. Search box should not be provided. They do not know how to search and they are slow in typing. Instead of search box, the required functions should be put together on the screen.

Language in Our Lives :: essays papers

Language in Our Lives Have you ever wondered who taught you to talk the way you do? People learn to talk and express themselves everyday of their lives. Starting from the day you were born you used language or some form of it to communicate with those around you. As a baby you usually show your displeasure with your new surroundings by crying, and if you don’t the doctor will make sure you do. Everyday we express our point of view to others in some form of language. Whether it is through verbal communication, written discourse or through body language, you can tell if a person is upset, angry, or happy. We as human beings don’t realize how much language has to do with our lives. How can you determine if one of your friends is angry with you? Is there a different tone to their voice? Do they have a stern look on their face? Of course they do, your friend feels the need to express their anger to you by these different forms of language. Where do we learn to use these different forms of la nguage? How are our uses of these languages shaped? The three main contributing factors to how we express ourselves through language come from our schooling, our friends, and most of all from our families. Going to school can teach you many things, even more than you can imagine. Who would know that in school you could actually learn a whole new vocabulary? This never seen before vocabulary will only come out in writing and besides that will be hidden deep among the depths of your subconscious. Truly, school can teach you more than just random information. Schooling has a huge affect on language you use in a daily basis. The only place where I was ever taught that the way in which I spoke was wrong. When I look back at the time consuming vocabulary work and the never-ending readings, I now realize how I benefited from them. I may not me the best writer, but I do have a plethora of words to share. Where do you think you learned that you’re not doing good you’re doing well, and who taught you that a coma should be placed here, or that you shouldn’t end a sentence with a preposition, without these helpful teachings I don’t know where we would be at.

Development of the Renaissance Centralized Church Plan Essay

Analyze the development of the centralized church plan in Renaissance architecture (15th and 16th centuries). In your examples, include an analysis of meaning and symbolism. During the Renaissance period, new centralized church plans developed as a result of a more scientific approach to nature. The idea of precise proportions and measurement emerged through Vitruvius’ theory regarding human anatomy. Vitruvius described how human body, with extended arms and legs, fits perfectly into the most basic geometrical shapes: circle and square. This concept triggered the minds of artists during the Renaissance to take on a new approach for church plans (Honour and Fleming 444-445). However, it is not until the fifteenth century that the centralized plan was regarded as a divine expression when Alberti discussed scientific method of maintaining God’s image through mathematical approach in De Re Aedificatoria, a treatise containing the first full program of the ideal Renaissance church (Tavernor 30). From Alberti’s perspective, a centralized plan should reveal God’s symbol while keeping pure forms of absolute mathematics in the structure, therefore the Greek-Cross figure is favored (Heydenreich 36). His theory influenced many others to realize the importance of the Greek-Cross planning method, and this is reflected in works such as S. Sebastiano, Maria Della Carceri and St. Peter’s. Thus, the Greek-Cross centralized church plan was developed, that became the divine figure for Renaissance architecture. The development of Greek-Cross plan is derived from Alberti’s theoretical demands based on Vitruvius’ basic principles of accuracy and proportions. In the early sixteenth century, Vitruvius began answering questions regarding how a buildings proportion is constructed through human anatomy (Wittkower 22). Such question is further raised through Vitruvian figures drawn within a square and circle became a symbol of the mathematical relationship between man and god through geometry (Wittkower 25). Alberti, who suggested that to obtain architectural perfection, one must follow the basic laws of symmetry and proportions, expanded on these early ideas. In his treatise, he had defined the laws of symmetry and proportion through the physical characteristics of the human body (Tavernor 40). There, he combined a square and circle to generate the image of the geometrical shapes in relation to human anatomy, identical to Leonard Da Vinci’s drawing of a man with outstretched limbs located within a circle and square (figure 1). Alberti’s intention was to clarify the ideal architectural beauty for others during the time, through accuracy and precision (Tavernor 40). The Greek Cross central plan is developed through three transformations from the square, square plus one-half, square plus one third, and the square doubled (Murray 58). If these square ratios are applied to architectural plans, more complex figures can be produced; subsequently the centralized Greek Cross plan was developed and was a visible expression of the Divine Proportion. (Smith) Alberti’s obsession over geometrical perfection involved applying his theory within the interior structure as well. For example, the height of the wall up to the vaulting in round churches should be one-half, two thirds of three quarters of the diameter of the plan. These proportions of one to two, two to three, and three to four conform to Alberti’s law of harmony, written in his treatise (Murray 58 58). It was Alberti who expressed the theory of beauty in his writing, which became so influential for the High Renaissance. He defined beauty, â€Å"harmony and concord of all the parts, so that nothing could be added or subtracted except for the worse† (Smith). From Alberti’s explanation, the symbolism of the Greek Cross is regarded as a beautiful and natural figure, representing every aspect of God due to the precise measurements on all sides of the shape. Therefore, Alberti argued â€Å"Beauty will result from the beautiful form and from the correspondence of the whole to the parts, of the parts amongst themselves, and of these again to the whole; so that the structures may appear an entire and complete body† (WIttkower 31). He believed to thoroughly appreciate Renaissance architecture, one should understand architecture is not based on theories of function but rather view it as mathematical theory of proportion (Smith). Another significance from the Greek Cross central plan is signifying the development of Renaissance architecture. For Alberti and architects of the Renaissance, the emphasis on classicism is ideal, which challenges a different approach from the previous. Pursuing mathematical order and simplicity of pure whites have replaced the Roman gothic style churches (Heydenreich 27). Also, the prominence of classical features is more suited for Alberti’s theory of proportion so that all sizes and shapes are defined. A clear example of Renaissance classicism is S. Sebastiano, where Alberti used Greek-Cross plan that shows almost all of his own theoretical requirements as well as several classical elements in the architectural design (figure 4) (Murray 59). Alberti’s argument for incorporating classicism, a high flight of steps and pilasters at the temple front is best supported by architect Palladio’s correspondence with Alberti’s ideas: â€Å"buildings in which the supreme Being is invokved and adored should stand in the most noble part of the city, raised above the rest of the city†¦they ought to be built so that nothing more beautiful could be imagined and those who enter should be transported into a kind of ecstacy in admiring their grace and beauty. Buildings dedicated to the omnipotent God should be strong and everlasting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wittkower 31) This idea of rising above is coherent to Leonardo Da Vinci’s principle, which he adhered to in all his designs (Wittkower 26). S. Sebastiano exemplifies the meticulous image of Renaissance beauty, and developing architectural style beyond the Roman gothic style (Smith). Another example of a building resembling absolute proportion is St. Maria Della Carceri, designed by architect Giuliano Da Sangallo. After Alberti’s treatise on architecture was published in 1485, the centrally planned church became popular. Many architects during the Renaissance conformed to his law of harmony. Within the same year, the church of St. Maria Delle Carceri was the first Greek-Cross structure built. The entire interior and exterior description of Giuliano da Sangallo’s church complies with Alberti’s theoretical demands, demonstrating the impact Alberti made through his publication (Wittkower 31). The plan for St. Maria Delle Carceri is based on the two elementary figures of square and circle, where the depth of the arms is half their length and the four end walls of the cross are as long as they are high, therefore forming a perfect square (figure 2). The structure contains desirable symbolic feature by integrating a dome in the center. It appeals more to Christianity to represents closure towards heaven or God’s presence. The grand church is viewed as â€Å"†¦a majestic simplicity, the undisturbed impact of its geometry, the purity of its whiteness are designed to evoke in the congregation a consciousness of the presence of God – of a God who has ordered the universe according to immutable mathematical laws, who has created a uniform and beautifully proportioned world, the consonance and harmony of which is mirrored in His temple below.† (Wittkower 31) Donato Bramante was another architect who responded to historian’s theory concerning centralized plan. His designs are similar to Leonardo Da Vinci’s drawings on centralized plan, where he sketched numerous centrally planned forms and illustrates complex geometrical forms from the first simple shape (figure 5). Da Vinci’s intentions were interpreting Vitruvius’ explanation more accurately through visual art (figure 1) (Wittkower 25). The importance of these drawings reflects Da Vinci’s conscious theoretical speculations for which a new technique of representation is produced (Wittkower 25). Although Da Vinci did not build anything, through his illustrations, Bramente was profoundly influenced that affected the sixteenth century approach. It is likely that those drawings allowed Bramante to comprehended the versatile of geometrical shapes, influencing architecture (figure 4) (Honour and Fleming 444-445). There is even evidence to believe that Bramante’s early design for St. Peter’s was much influenced by Leonardo’s drawings of centrally planned structures. (Honour and Fleming 444-445) When Bramante was appointed to redesign the Saint Peter’s at the beginning of the sixteenth century, he envisioned the new it as a grander version of his previous architectural design: a central, Greek cross plan building. The design must continue the ancient Roman tradition of domed temples, therefore St. Peter’s is crowned by an enormous dome. Bramante, like others before him, combined the symbol of the Greek cross with the symbolic values of centralized geometry. (Wittkower 34). Bramante submitted his Greek cross design on a large scale, which reflects Alberti’s humanist-Christian idea in pure form. In Renaissance thinking, Bramante’s St. Peter’s central plan and dome also symbolized the perfection of God (Honour and Fleming 444-445). Certainly, so overwhelming was Bramante’s design that none of his successors could divert his influence (Honour and Fleming 444-445). The impact of the Greek cross was enormous for the development of Renaissance centralized plan. The geometrical figure is a result of Alberti’s in depth mathematical approach of viewing nature (Tavonor 42). Many Renaissance architects utilized the Greek Cross plan due to Alberti and other historians theory regarding obtaining architectural beauty. For them, comparing building structures to human anatomy proportion was essential in defining what is ideal. More importantly, the Greek cross symbolizes divinity. Vitruvius also discussed the relationship between the human body and geometry, which is crucial for the creation of the Greek cross (Wittkower 25). Such explanation expanded by Alberti influenced the formation in several significant churches, such as the Maria Della Carceri, St. Peter’s design and S. Sebastiano. Architects who designed these churches corresponded with Alberti’s argument, therefore demonstrating the wide acceptance of the Greek Cross. MLA Citations Heydenreich, L. Architecture in Italy, 1400-1500. rev. ed., New Haven, 1996. Honour and Fleming, The Visual Arts: a History, 4th ed, 1995, 444-445. http://www.phs.poteau.k12.ok.us/williame/APAH/readings/Bramante’s%20Tempietto,%20St%20Peters,%20Michelangelo.pdf Murray, P. The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance. London, 1963. Smith, Bernard. â€Å"University of Melbourne.† University of Melbourne. Print. http://shaps.unimelb.edu.au/public-resources/database-resources/bernardsmith/lectures/BSmith-HighRenaissance.pdf. Tavernor, R. On Alberti and the Art of Building. New Haven, 1998. Wittkower, R. Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism. 3rd ed., London, 1962. Figures Figure 1: Da Vinci’s human anatomy drawing http://www.centopietrevenice.typepad.com/ca_centopietre_bed_and_br/2009/11/leonardothe-vitruvian-man-between-art-and-science-accademia-galleries.html Figure 2: S. Maria Della Carceri centralized plan by Giuliano Da Sanglio Figure 3: S. Sebastiano front view http://architecturetraveljournal.blogspot.ca/2008/02/san-sebastiano-mantua.html Figure 4: S. Sebastiano centralized plan http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/14-italian-renaissance-ii-/deck/2633566 Figure 5: Leonardo Da Vinci’s drawing on centralized plan http://www.art.com/products/p12016104-sa-i1452778/leonardo-da-vinci-sketch-of-a-square-church-with-central-dome-and-minaret.htm Figure 6: Bramante’s St. Peter’s design http://mexichino-jr.blogspot.ca/2011/06/bramantes-st-peters-rome.html

Economic Issues Real and Nominal Variables

Economic Issues Real and Nominal Variables In Economics, there is a difference between Real and Nominal variables. In general, a real variable is the one where the effects of inflation on the economy are factored. Contrary, a nominal variable is the variable where the impacts of inflation do not take care of the. Gross Domestic is defined as the value of all goods and services produced in a country (Borland, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Issues: Real and Nominal Variables specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Nominal Gross Domestic Product is a concept that is used to measure the value of all goods and services produced in a country in current terms/prices. It is used to measure the value of services and goods per a definite period of time, while, as opposed to this, Real Gross Domestic Products concept is used to evaluate these issues, it is shown in prices of a base year. For example, suppose in the year 1999 the economy of China produced $200 billions worth of goods and services based on the year 1999 (Kym 2010).Thus, the year 1999 is used as a foundation at the same time, the nominal and real are the same (Kym 2010). Then, Year 1999 Nominal GDP=$200B,Real GDP=$200. In the year 2000, the nominal GDP=$210B and Real GDP=$205B.Thus, Nominal GDP Growth Rate is 10% where as Real GDP growth rate is 5%. Hence, the difference between the two concepts is used to measure the rate of inflation in statistical terms. These statistical terms are referred to as the GDP deflators (Maddison 2005). Hence, from this analysis, Real Gross Domestic Product is the best measure of economic growth because it estimates the cost in terms of production, and this is what the economy needs. RGDP can not result into both higher prices and higher outputs. Thus, real gross domestic product is the best measure of economic situation and not the best measure of the living standards. This is because it does not provide any room for black market econom y or profitability gained in a result of illegal goods; secondly, it does not measure aspects of well being, such as happiness for example. Furthermore, it ignores the gap between the poor and the rich in terms of resource distributions. In addition, RGDP omits efforts put into household productions, for example, work done by house wives. Moreover, our leisure time is not valued in real domestic product. Finally, it Country 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 China 7 8 8 8 9.1 9.1 10.2 11.9 9 9.1 10.3 does not take into account environmental destructions such as pollution caused during production (Eastman 2008). Below is an excel sheet for RGDP for China.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This illustration is a representation of China RGDP as Compared to Australia for ten years as adjusted for inflation. This data has been retrieved from Ch ina Economy watch statistics. The above business diagram explains the business climate of China. The real gross domestic product for china was high in the last year which is 2010.In a similar understanding, the business climate was low in the year 1999 and 2000.This is represented by the trough in economic recession. The economy and business climate was at peak in the year 2010 with a growth of 10.3%.Note that this information has been extracted from Australia economy watch 2009. Country 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Australia 4.3 4.7 3.6 3 3.5 2.7 2.7 4.3 2.3 1.2 2.7 NB.economy watch.com The illustration below represents business cycle diagram for Australia. The diagram highlights the year 2000 as the peak of the economy and the year 2006 as the tough economic times of severe recession of the continental economy and business climate. NB.economy watch.comAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Issues: Real and Nominal V ariables specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of the Philips theory is the most suitable to explain the economy of China for ten consecutive years since 2001 to 2010, as illustrated in the below diagrams. In the year 2000, the rate of inflation was high, and hence there was little or no employment. Philips theory explains that the high rate of inflation results into lack of employment (Borland 2010). Hence, from the diagram, it is apparent that inflation has led China to low rate of employment as a consequence of inflation (Fairbank 2010). Thus, in conclusion, inflation leads to unemployment and this retards economic growth and development. References Borland, J (2010), Unemployment in Reshaping Australias Economy: Growth and with Equity and Sustainable Development, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Eastman, E. (2008), Family, fields, and ancestors: constancy and change in Chinas social and economic history, New York: Cambridge Uni versity press Fairbank, J (2010), East Asia: The Modern Transformation, London: University of England Kym, A, (2010), Australia in the International Economy: In Reshaping Australias Economy, Growth with Equity and Sustainability, Cambridge: Cambridge University PressAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Maddison, A, (2005), The World Economy: Historical Statistics, Paris: OECD

Celebrate Johnny Appleseed Day

Celebrate Johnny Appleseed Day Johnny Appleseed was a famous American boy who is best known for his apple trees. Explore the life and contributions of Johnny Appleseed with the following classroom activities. Explore the Life of Johnny Appleseed (Language Arts) Johnny Appleseed led a full and adventurous life. To introduce students to his amazing life and accomplishments, try this activity: To introduce your students to Johnny Appleseed, read the book Johnny Appleseed by Jodie Shepard. Then discuss his life in Massachusetts and how his birth name was John Chapman. Talk about his love of apples and how he got his name.Then, show students a short video so they can see first hand about his life and accomplishments.Next, have students write a friendly letter to Johnny, asking him any questions they may have, or commenting on his life.Once students have completed their letters, encourage them to share with their classmates. Sorting and Charting Apple Seeds (Science/Math) Johnny Appleseed is famous for planting apple  trees. Try this science/math investigation activity with your students: Have each student bring in an apple to class. Then provide students with a copy of this apple guide so they can determine what kind of apple they brought.Next, have students guess how many apple seeds their apple has. (Tip: Make a chart on the front board with their guesses.)Then, cut open the apples and have each child count and record how many seeds their apple has. ( Do all apples have the same amount? What types of apples have the same number?)Once you get the results, have students compare the results of their estimated guess with the actual number of seeds in the apple.Lastly, allow the students to eat their apple for a healthy afternoon snack. Apple Facts (Social Studies/History) Try this fun apple project to learn some interesting apple facts: To begin, share a book about apples, such as Apples for Everyone by Jill Esbaum, or How Do Apples Grow? by Betsey Maestro.Then write the following facts on the front board: - Apples consists of 85 percent water. - Apples trees can produce fruit for as long as 100 years. - An apple usually has five to ten seeds in them. Next, divide students into groups of two to research even more facts about apples. (Tip: print out several pages from the books above for students to find apple facts.)Then have each person write two apple facts they learned on a cut-out apple. (One fact on the front and one fact on the back of the apples.)Once the facts are written, glue a green stem to the top, punch a hole in the green stem and string all the apple facts together on a clothes line. Suspend the apple project from the ceiling for all to see. Apple Glyphs (Art/Language Arts) Get to know your students better with this fun apple glyph activity: (This is a great activity to have in the learning center) For this activity, students will create an apple glyph that conveys information about themselves. To begin, supply the following arts supplies; red, green, yellow, and orange construction paper, glue, scissors, markers, and a sheet of directions.To create the glyph, the students must follow these directions:Apple Color - Red I have a sister, Green I have a brother, Yellow I have a sister and a brother, Orange I have no siblings.Stem Color - Green I am a boy, Yellow I am a girl.Leaf Color - Brown I have a pet, Yellow I dont have a pet.Worm Color - Light Brown I prefer pizza to pasta, Dark Brown I prefer pasta to pizza. Have an Apple Party (Nutrition/Health) Whats a better way to end a lesson then to have a party! Ask students to bring in apple snacks in honor of Johnny Appleseed. Foods such as applesauce, apple pie, apple muffins, apple bread, apple jelly, apple juice, and of course plain apples! On the day of the party, have students share their apple glyphs. You can even make a game out it. For example, say Whoever prefers pizza to pasta please stand up Or If you have a yellow stem on your apple, please stand up. Do this until their is one person left standing. The winner gets to pick an apple themed book.

Stem cell research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stem cell - Research Paper Example It has been a debate that covers the treatment, creation, and destruction of human embryos. Stem cells play an intricate part in the development of organisms; hence individuals believe that the manipulation of these cells is wrong. This paper will review the controversy that surrounds stem cell research, and some of the answers given about this controversial subject. The controversy surrounding stem cell research is the taking of embryonic cells from foetuses in order to get material to study. The most opportune time is after conception, or during the 5th or 9th week. This is the time the foetus can start producing these cells. Biologists then use these cells to study their relation to an organism, or immediate environment. The controversy, therefore, borders on ethical boundaries (Robertson, 2010). People believe that it is unethical to manipulate cells to find out about their properties. Stem cells are unspecialised cells that can be manipulated into any specialised cells, for exam ple, the brain cells. With these cells, it is possible for scientists to restore, or regenerate cells that are otherwise, dead. It is through this research that this is made possible. Controversy has come up since during the harvesting of these cells there is the destruction of fertilised human eggs (Snow, 2003). This implies that the egg is killed, which further implies that the infant the egg would have grown into, is ultimately killed. Individuals, including some politicians, are campaigning to have stem cell research illegalised. This is through the belief that stem cell research is killing human life. An example of this is the removal of public funding for all embryonic stem cell research. This happened in the United States. The morality behind stem cell harvesting is still a monumental problem that scientists face. In the harvesting of adult stem cells, the subject is less controversial. This is since human life is not at stake (Snow, 2003). The versatility and availability of adult stem cells has made this possible for scientists and biologists. It raises a little concern to know about the legality of abortion in the Unites States. How can the removal of foetuses become legal, and yet the research carried out on fertilised eggs be branded illegal? It is like the pre-embryos get better treatment than the matured, fertilised egg, which has undergone more stages in the development. This is puzzling to most people who are against both abortion and stem cell research (Panno, 2005). If it is considered a moral thing to do in aborting a foetus, then it should be a moral, funded, and legal thing to carry about stem cell research. Some of the answers given, when it comes to stem cell research, are particularly convincing. It is believed that this manipulation may open a different field of opportunities. The replacement of damaged body organs through this research is one of them. Scientists suggest that the damage done to body organs through disease can be restor ed with the use of stem cells. This is through the manipulation of these cells to more specialised ones to perform the functions of the dead cells in the body (Panno, 2005). All this occurs during the research of these stem cells, and this should be a compelling reason to continue stem cell research. Aging is another answer that is often provided to the controversy surrounding stem cell research. The cells responsible for the aging in human beings can be altered, which leaves room for the introduction of

Great Gatsby Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Great Gatsby - Research Paper Example The American dream of earning money for a decent life was violated by Gatsby as he used his money casually to throw extravagant parties to impress Daisy. He refused to come out of his past and believed that Daisy has always loved only him and not her husband. This novel depicts the violation of American dream in the 1920s through the character of Gatsby. He grew up in poverty and reached a life of opulence with a huge house, car and servants. With his self acquired wealth and social status he could develop in himself a completely different personality from his unprivileged past. The wealthy Americans of 1920s are signified by Gatsby who flaunts his money extravagantly as was depicted by his lavish parties. In the beginning of his life, Gatsby could represent American dream because like any other American he took nurtured the dream of earning money. Later in life, he differs from the other newly rich Americans in a way that he earned his money in dishonorable ways. The main idea of Am erican dream is to earn money through hard work and Gatsby failed to do so. In order to earn the love of Daisy, he obtained big house, car and other material possessions. American dream is an idea of pursuing happiness and this was violated by Gatsby as he pursued mere wealth. Gatsby depicts a character who used to harbor mythicised dreams of achievement and success that can be gained with money. He had the endless desire of going back to the past by craving for Daisy whom he almost married in the past. America’s multiple identities are shown in the character Gatsby. American culture believes in recreating by setting alongside any doubts about the... This novel depicts the violation of American dream in the 1920s through the character of Gatsby. He grew up in poverty and reached a life of opulence with a huge house, car and servants. With his self-acquired wealth and social status, he could develop in himself a completely different personality from his unprivileged past. The wealthy Americans of the 1920s are signified by Gatsby who flaunts his money extravagantly as was depicted by his lavish parties. In the beginning of his life, Gatsby could represent American dream because like any other American he took nurtured the dream of earning money. Later in life, he differs from the other newly rich Americans in a way that he earned his money in dishonorable ways. The main idea of the American dream is to earn money through hard work and Gatsby failed to do so. In order to earn the love of Daisy, he obtained big house, car, and other material possessions. The American dream is an idea of pursuing happiness and this was violated by Ga tsby as he pursued mere wealth. Gatsby depicts a character who used to harbor mythicised dreams of achievement and success that can be gained with money. He had the endless desire of going back to the past by craving for Daisy whom he almost married in the past. America’s multiple identities are shown in the character Gatsby. American culture believes in recreating by setting alongside any doubts about the reality of such a concept.